Analisis Kinetika Arrhenius Terhadap Perubahan Sifat Fisik, Kimia, Dan Kualitas Masak Beras Dengan Kombinasi Kadar Amilosa Dan Suhu Selama penyimpanan
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Abstrak
Beras adalah salah satu makanan pokok yang dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Sebagai salah satu produsen beras terbesar, permasalahan terkait penyimpanan beras sering dikeluhkan. Selama penyimpanan, beras mengalami perubahan pada kualitas memasak serta kualitas fisik dan fisikokimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perilaku kinetik kualitas memasak serta kualitas fisik dan fisikokimia dari varietas beras Indonesia. Beras dengan kandungan amilosa yang berbeda disimpan selama 4 bulan, dan data yang dikumpulkan dari parameter kadar air, tingkat keputihan, kadar amilosa, rasio pemanjangan, dan ekstrudabilitas dianalisis menggunakan persamaan Arrhenius. Kombinasi antara kandungan amilosa dan suhu memengaruhi perubahan sifat fisik, kimia, dan memasak dari beras selama penyimpanan. Peningkatan kadar air tertinggi terjadi pada varietas Ciherang yang disimpan pada suhu 20 °C, yaitu sebesar 0,0183%/minggu, dan nilai keputihan, kadar amilosa, serta rasio pemanjangan menurun selama penyimpanan. Penyimpanan pada suhu 30 °C menyebabkan penurunan kualitas yang lebih besar, dengan perubahan tingkat keputihan Ciherang sebesar 0,0202/minggu, kadar amilosa sintanur menurun sebesar 0,0105%/minggu, dan rasio pemanjangan sintanur menurun sebanyak 0,0348/minggu pada suhu ini. Sementara itu, parameter ekstrudabilitas sintanur mengalami peningkatan sebesar 0,0174g/minggu pada suhu 30 ˚C. Oleh karena itu, secara umum, penurunan kualitas beras terjadi lebih cepat pada suhu yang lebih tinggi.
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Cara Mengutip
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